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Part 32
Sura 'Abasa 80:33-42
33. "And when
the deafening cry comes,"
34. "The Day
on which a man shall flee from his brother,"
35. "And his
mother and his father,"
36. "And from
his wife and his children,"
37. "Each one
of them, That Day, will have concern enough to occupy him."
38. "Some
faces That Day will be bright,"
39. "Laughing,
rejoicing".
40. "And some
faces That Day will be dust-stained,"
41. "Blackness
will cover them:"
42. "Those are
they who are unbelievers, the wicked."
Commentary:
The Resurrection Cry!
After
describing a notable number of divine gifts and worldly blessings, the theme
changes to talk about the resurrection and some of its happenings as well as
the end of the believers and unbelievers. The purpose in this is to say that,
firstly, these gifts, whatever they are, will have an end sometime; and
secondly, they are some signs to prove the existence of Allah's authority which is over
everything and, of course, over the Resurrection.
"And when the
deafening cry comes,"
The
term /saxah/ is based on /sax/ which originally means 'a very loud noise',
so loud that it almost deafens the ears, or actually deafens them. It points,
here, to the second sound of the blast of the trumpet, the very great cry which
brings the dead to life again and makes them go forth to the gathering place
for the final Judgment.
Verily,
the cry is so loud and shocking that everyone forgets all but one's end resulting
from one's own actions.
"The
Day on which a man shall flee from his brother".
The
same brother who was loved sincerely, was helped in everything favorably, now
he flees from that brother, abruptly.
"And his mother
and his father,"
"And
from his wife and his children".
Thus,
individuals not only leave the nearest and the dearest members of their family
such as their brother, father, mother, wife, and children, but also flee from
them. This statement shows that the horror and the fear of the Day is so much
so that it makes individuals cease all their wishes and affections. In the
probationary life, mother was loved by her child very much; father was highly
respected by his son; wife was eagerly beloved by her husband; children were the
best for their father, as the apples of his eyes; but now, in the eternal life,
one flees from all of them!
The
reason why he flees from them is stated in the next verse.
"Each one of them, That Day, will have concern
enough to occupy him".
The
term /yuqnih/ 'makes him self-sufficient'
shows that on That Day, Man is so
busy with his affairs that he does not pay attention to anyone; and the events
are so terrible and overwhelming as to occupy him and his mind, totally.
It
has been narrated that some of the households of the Prophet (p.b.u.h.) asked him if one would
remember one's close friend on That Day, and
he answered: "There are three halting-places
where no one remembers anyone. The first place is where the acts are weighed to
see whether they are heavy (worthy) or light (unworthy); then, it is on the
path where he wonders whether he can pass it (successfully) or not; and then it
is the time when he is given his Record to see whether it is given to his right
hand or to his left hand. In these three halting-places no one cares for
any one else: his supporter, his comrade, his companion, his very true friend,
his child, his parents, and this is the same thing that Allah says: 'Each one of them, That Day, will have concern enough to occupy
him' ". [1]
Then
the situation of the believers and unbelievers is described when it says:
"Some faces
That Day will
be bright"
"Laughing,
rejoicing",
"And some
faces That Day will be dust-stained,"
"Blackness
will cover them".
The
term /musfirah/ is based on /asfar/ which means 'to appear, or to glitter' like the light of the early morning at the
end of the darkness of night; the term /qabarah/ is based on /qabar/ which
means 'dust'; the term /qatarah/
originally is based on /qatar/ which means 'smoke';
the term /kafarah/ and the term /fajarah/
are the plural forms of /kafir/ 'a
unbeliever from the point of view of belief and /fajir/ 'a sinner from the point of view of action'.
The
look on the face shows the inner self (mood), both physically and spiritually,
good or bad.
It
is understood from the verse that on That
Day the faces show the righteousness or wickedness of persons during their
lives in this world.
The
dust on the faces of the sinners will be in contrast to the beaming light on
the faces of the righteous; and the blackness (smoke) of the faces of sinners, who are sad and regretful, in
contrast to the 'laughing, rejoicing' faces
of the righteous.
On
the whole, on That Day, the faces
show the facts and it is enough to look at the faces to know who is a sinner
and who is righteous; as it is said in Sura Rahman, No. 55, verse 41: "(For) the
sinners will be known by their faces".
Explanation:
SELF-PERFECTION:
The
ideas set forth in the short and meaningful verses, of this Sura, are a good
collection for individuals to use as a guidance to self-perfection.
1.
On the one hand, it leads Man to refer to the origin of his creation to
understand how he was created from a lowly sperm-drop in order that he
should not be proud, because one of the greatest hindrances on the path of self-perfection
is pride.
2.
On the other hand, it introduces the divine leadership to Man as the best
provision of his way including both the Prophet's guidance, originating from
revelation, and the guidance led by rational thinking and the observation in
the regularity of the created world.
3.
Then, it orders Man to look to his food to see how it is created and prepared
for him by the Beneficent and the Merciful Creator, and then, to obey Him
in humility. Man should be careful to obtain his food, lawfully, because pure
and lawful food is an important basis for self-perfection.
4.
When he must be careful about his bodily food, then, he should certainly be
careful about his soul's sustenance to see that it is not from a corrupted
source; that which threatens his spiritual life.
It
is surprising that some people are seriously careful about their bodily food,
but they do not take care about their soul's sustenance; they read any book and
they learn the tutorship of any misleading education and observe no limits or
conditions for the sustenance of their soul.
There
is a narration from Amir-al-Mo'mineen Ali (p.b.u.h.) that says: " Why,
I see that people light a lamp at nigh, to watch what kind of food they eat,
but they do not mind what is the sustenance of their soul. They do not
enlighten their mind by (the) rational knowledge, if they do they will be safe
from the bad results of ignorance and sinfulness in their beliefs and
deeds." [2]
His
son Imam Hassan- Mujtaba (p.b.u.h.)
also said something along these lines: "I wonder at some people who think about their bodily food, but do not
care for their soul's sustenance. They avoid eating harmful food, but fill
their hearts with fatal materials." href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title="">[3]
5.
One should remember that the Deafening
Cry will raise up all from their graves, and everyone will be faced with
one's Record. Then, the circumstances, there, will be so awful that one will
forget all of one's dearest beloved. One should think about one's acts whether
they be so good that one will deserve to have a 'laughing, rejoicing' and bright face That Day, or whether one will have an ugly, black and frowning
face, then, and thus, will cause oneself to prepare for that Day.
Supplication:
O Lord! Make
each of us successful in self-perfection.
O Lord! Do not deprive us from a good sustenance
for our spirits.
O Lord! Make
us conscious of our duties to fulfill them before the occurrence of the
deafening Cry!
Sura
Abasa
(He Frowned)
name="_ftn1" title="">[1] Borhan, commentary,. vol. 4, p. 439.
name="_ftn2" title="">[2] Safinat-ul-Bihar, vol. 2, p.
84.
name="_ftn3" title="">[3] ibid.
