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beheshti
Shahid (the martyr) sayyed Mohammad Hosseiny
Beheshti was born in Aban 2nd, 1307 (October 24th, 1928) in a
district called Lomban in Isfahan ( Chaharsouq district).He was born in a family whose
members were familiar with Islamic values. His father was one of Isfahan’s clergies
and prayer- leader of Lomban mosque who went to the village once a week in order to preach
and solve the problems of people and establish the community prayers. He passed away in
1341(1962). His maternal grand father the late Haj Mir Mohammad Sadiq Modarres
Khatunabadi, was one of the leading authorities on divine law. When Shahid (Martyr)
Beheshti was just one year old, he passed away and Shahid Beheshti was deprived of his
meeting, however; knowing about his grandfather’s manner later on affected Shahid
Beheshti’s personality.
With four years of age he entered traditional
elementary school. He was so genius that he learned how to recite Quran and how to read
and write in a very short time.
After a while, having passed the entrance exam, he
entered the primary school at the sixth grade but since he was not old enough to take part
in that grade he was registered in fourth grade. Nevertheless he took part in the final
exams and was granted the second best student title. Wishing to complete his studied, he
entered the high school. In 1321(1942) he gave it up, since he was interested in the
theological matters he entered the theological center. Although his home was in Isfahan
for saving time, being independent while thinking and studying, since 1324(1945) he rented
a room at Sadr school of Isfahan and he lived there.
During 1321 to 1325(1942- 1946) he could study the
Arabic literature, logic, Fiqh (Jurisprudence), divine law & fundamentals and stole
the attention of his professors to the extent that when they met him as if he reminded his
maternal grand father to them.
In 1325 (1946) when he was 18 years old, he left for
Qom to continue his studies and in 6month-time he studied the rest of subjects namely :
Sath , Kefayeh and Makasib. In the same year, Allameh Tabatabee came to Qom and his
classes and sessions attracted the active students like Shahid Beheshti who later on took
part in his classes.
In 1326 (1947) Dr. Beheshti with Shahid Motahari,
and some of his friends prepared a schedule according to which they had to go to the most
remote villages to preach Islamic values, by means of a little amount of expense which
Ayatollah Boroujerdi gave to them to guide the villagers and inform each other about their
ideas concerning planning for future activities.
In 1327 (1948) he continued the normal high school
education and he could get his literal diploma in final exams of late comers. Then he
entered the college of Theology (at that time rational sciences)and in 1330(1951) he
received his BA. During (1329-1330)(1950-1951) he was in Tehran and at the end of
mentioned year he returned to Qom again and this time he officially started his teaching
at Hakim Nezami high school as an English teacher. During (1329-1330)(1951-1956) he spent
his life carrying out researches and philosophical matters .In Ordibehesht 1331(May 1952)
he married one of his relatives whose result was 4 children (2 sons and 2 daughters). In
1333 (1956-1959) he was a student of Ph.D. of theological philosophy (and of course in
1353(1947) he defended his thesis called “the problems of Mabad ul Tabi’e in
Quran”, under guidance of the Shahid Professor Mortza Motahari. During this time he
was coming and going to Tehran and Qom.
In 1338 (1959) he founded an English class at
“Din and Danesh School” for theological students and in the same year along with
the thought of the leading figures like Motahari, Taleqani…etc, he held
the monthly speech sessions in Tehran on which the programmed lectures were held with the
large number of the students and intellectuals as an audience.
From 1339(1960) the idea of organizing the
theological center and arranging the syllabus of it for 17 years was in his mind whose
result was foundation of “Haqqani” and” Montazeriyeh” schools. In
1341(1962) he decided to establish the Islamic center of students and educators which was
a measure for linking between the educated people in the past and present methods.
He was actively taking part in
(1341-1342)(1962-1963) campaigns. And in collecting and composing the “statements
“he was a great help .From 1342 he formed a searching group for surveying about the
Islamic government and in the same year Savak (the controlling system for security at that
time )made him leave Qom.
He came to Tehran and in programming on preparing
the textbooks was closely cooperating with Shahid (martyr) Bahonar, in the same year he
was also cooperating with campaigning groups and coalition bodies. Besides, he was
participating in a 4-member council in the name of “divine law-political
council” with help of Shaid (martyr )Motahari, Mr. Anvari and Mr. Molaee.
In 1343(1963) with the proposal of Ayatollah
Ha’eri and Ayatollah Milani he left for Hamburg and he began to manage and direct the
mosque and formation of religious groups of the young and revealing Shah’s (the last
king )crimes .At this time he traveled to Saudi Arabia ( in Haj. time ) Syria, Lebanon ,
Turkey to visit Imam Mousa Sadr and in 1348 he traveled to Iraq to visit Imam Khomeini.
In 1349 (1970) he returned to Iran and it was
impossible for him to return to Germany. He started to teach in session for interpreting
Quran and examined the textbooks and this process continued till 1355(1976).
In 1359 (1971) he formed 50 sessions of interpreting
of Quran on Saturdays which was called ”the
School of Quran” where was a place for
gathering the active young people .In 1354(1975) due to the mentioned sessions and the
relationships with the campaigning organizations inside and out side of Iran he was
arrested by Savak and after a time he was released.
From 1355(1976) and later he began to deal with
formational tasks and in (1356)(1977) he was determined to form the broad formations being
active in secret activities and also overtones for forming a party .In the same year due
to the disagreements among the Islamic active groups in abroad(which there have been some
conflicts) he traveled there and even to the United States and he paved the ground for
establishing new relationships among the Islamic groups.
In 1357(1978) he was arrested for a couple of days
and he was freed. After which he went to Imam Khomeini in Paris. After his return he
played an effective role regarding determining the policy of the Islamic revolution .From
Azar 1357(December 1978) according to Imam’s command he formed the revolution’s
council and he was dealing with that till the victory of the revolution.
After the revolution as an intellectual person in
the revolution’s council he wanted to organize and arrange the affairs. Regarding
this mentioned fact he founded the Islamic Republic Party. He took part in the election of
Experts Assembly, and as a vice president of Majlis he dealt with managing the affairs,
preparing and forming the Constitution. After resigning of the interim government in
1358(1979) he was doing his duty as a minister of justice. Then through the command of
Imam he was chosen and appointed as the chairman of Supreme Court. He was busy with his
duties till the evening of Tir, 7, 1360 (June 28,1981) after Namaz –Maqrib (evening
prayer) and Esha (night prayer) while giving lecture, he was martyred due to the explosion
of a bomb planted by the members of Mojahedin’s Organization with 72 people from his
colleagues and through the tears and sighs and sorrows of millions of Iranian people he
was buried in Behesht-e Zahra Tomb. May his soul rest in peace.
