.According to many narrations that are accepted by Sunnite and Shiite scholars,the
Fatimaprophet )pbuh( said : I leave two precious things among you ; Quran and Alolbeyt
pureOnce Jabber asked what do you mean with Ahlolbeyt he answered they are Ali ,
hassan , and Hossein ,)pbu them( and nine other imams who are from Hossein's
first Hadith to testify it , is Kassa narration in that the prophet )pbuh(,
Fatimaand his two grandsons under a large wool covering and said Ohgeneration . The
Ahlolbeyt . This time Tathir verse was descended to prophet :gathered Ali ,
Allah ! These are my
انما يريد اللَّه ليذهب عنكم الرجس اهل البيت و يطهركم تطهيراً
Which means : surely Allah intends to purify only you Ahlolbeyt from sin and filth and make you realy pure . This verse was descended in Om Salame's house . Here Ahlolbeyt Were specified by prophet )pbuh(. This narration is so frequently mentioned by prophet's disciples that denying it , is like hostility with Quran and prophet )pbuh( . Even Bokhari in a linked document from Jabber narrates from prophet : twelve imams will successively come after me and all are from Qureish .
Question 2. How do you criticize those who belive that prophet's wives and relatives are from Ahlolbeyt
Firstly , it is notified that they were only five people beside the prophet )pbuh( when he prayed God asking for his Ahlolbeyt immunity from sin and filth . Secondly , only prophet , Ali ,Fatima , Hassan , and Hossein , )pbu them( were under Kassa and no one else was permitted to enter in . Prophet )pbuh( gathered them in privacy and even asked Om Salame to stay away from them . Then prophet said to God : ى تيب ل ها ءلاوه ن ا م هللا Oh God ! these are my Ahlolbeyt . If prophet's wives were from Ahlolbeyt , he would have invited them as well but it was not so . For six months the prophet each day before going to prayer knocked the door of Fatima's house greeting his Ahlolbeyt and reciting Tathir verse , why didn't he knock his wives' houses at all .
Question 3. Based upon Tathir verse, can't we include the prophet's wives in Ahlolbeyt
In order to answer this question we'd better know how Tathir verse was descended to prophet . As we know the prophet )pbuh( received Tathir verse in Om Salame's house . When prophet entered her house he recommended her to let no one enter house . But when Fatima )pbu her( entered home Om Salame didn't impede her as she was the dearest to prophet . Seeing Fatima , prophet asked her to call Ali and his two sons to come as well . Prophet )pbuh( gathered them under Kassa and didn't let Om Salame to enter . They were only five under Kassa and prophet's wives were not present at room when he prayed to God . Meanwhile in their privacy , Tathir verse was descended . Here امنا limits the verse , referring the verse only to the five present persons who are to undertake the leadership and guidance of Islamic community . Accordingly, as Tathir verse dose not referto prophet's wives they are not included in Ahlolbeyt .
Question 4.How is Saqalein narration from the view point of denotation and documentation
As Saqalein saying has been frequenty narrated by prophet's disciples and has been accepted by Sahah and Sonan and many other Islamic history books there is no doubt in Shiite and Sunnite scholars that it has been uttered by the prophet )pbuh( . It has also been approved in Sahih of Moslem , Khassaes of Nessaii, Massnad of Ahmad Hanbal and Sahih of Termazy . Only Bokhari didn't mention it in order to hide such a great fact .
Prophet )pbuh( said :
انى تارك فيكم الثقلين: كتاب اللَّه و عترتى و لن يفترقا حتى يردا على الحوض .
Which means : I leave two precious things ; Quran and my Ahlolbeyt , these two are inseparable until they come to me beside the Kossar pool . This indicates important for every Muslim to know how to behave towards what prophet left and what recommended about them . As proved before, according to Tathir verse Etrat refers to prophet's pure generation from Ali and Fatima )peace be upon them( .
Question 5. What are the exclusive Characteristics of Ahlolbeyt
God has specified more than 02 exclusive chaacteristics in Ahlolbeyt which all indicate they are absolutely virtuous and selected by God . Here I review the most notable :
1 - According to Tathir verse they are pure and virtuous . They are away from sin and filth, move in truth path , and deserve to lead and guide the Islamic nation .
2 - God introduces Ahlolbeyt as peer to Quran so , denying them is the same as denying Quran .
3 - They are selected by Allah and they are successor of Allah on the earth .
4 - They are the proof of Allah and successors of prophet after him . The first of them is Ali )ع( and the last one is Mahdi )ع( that earth's life will end after him .
5 - They are dearest to prophet and to God as Tathir verse was descended just for the sake of them .
6 - They are "Olol Amr" thet means obeying them is like obeying God , knowing them is like knowing Allah and denying them is like disobedience from Allah's ordinance .
7 - As Quran says : ن وملعتلا م تنك ن ا ركذ ل ها ولأساف ask Ahlozekr whatever you don't know ; here Ahlozekr are Ahlolbeyt as prophet emphasizes : اهباب ى لع و م لعلا ه نيدم انا they are gates to knowledge and sciences.
8 - They are the reason for security in the world ; upon their departure to God there will remain no security in the world .
9 - Friendship with Ahlolbeyt is like friendship with the prophet and fighting against them is like fighting against prophet . Prophet )pbuh( said : Ilike whoever likes my Ahlolbeyt and I hate those who misbehave them because Iam from them and they are from me .
Question 6. Please review the following verses and narration.
]Tathir verse[ ]Maveddat verse[ ]Mobaheleh verse[
]Ahlozekr verse[ ]Anzar and Hedayat[
انما يزيد اللَّه ليذهب عنكم الرجس اهل البيت و يطهركم تطهيراً
Surely Allah wants to stay you Ahlolbeyt away from sin and filth and make you absolutely pure and virtuous .
The word امنا here indicates that the will of God is exclusively in the case of Ahlolbeyt of te prophet )pbuh( . The word ديري refers to the will of God in the quality of their celestial creation ; in other words they are so purely created that do not go after sin though they possess the power and option to do sin . The word س جر means sin , fault and doubt . So they never feel doubt about any issue .
There are many narrations in Sunnite and Shiite history sources that rejct the inclusion of all prophets' relatives . Here too , Ahlolbeyt refers to the prophet , Ali , Hassan and Hossein )peace be upon them( .
]Maveddat verse[:
When prophet )pbuh( entered medina and Islam gained power and got widespread Ansar group came to prophet and expressed their willingness to help him in the case of financial problems . This time Maveddat verse was descended in answer :
قل لا اسئلكم عليه اجراً الا الموده فى القربى Which means : Tell them Iask no reward for my prophecy except your kindness towards those who are close to me )that her connotes Ahlolbeyt( .
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal in his Fazaelo Sahabeh narrates from Saeed Ibn Jobeir that when he prophet recited this verse , people asked who are meant with are ى برقلا ى ف replied they Ali , Fatima , Hassan and Hossein )peace be upon them( and repeated it for three in fact times . Maveddat and kindness to acceptance ى برقلا ى ف refers to the issue of Velayat and of leadership of imams of Ahlolbeyt and therefore continuation of prophecy and leadership of prophet and leads to prosperity of people .
]Mobaheleh verse[:
Mobaheleh means cursing each other so that when two persons dispute on a religious issue yet can not convince each other , they can ask GOD to disgrace the one who tells lie and is no right .
Agroup of Najrani infidels once come to ptophet . When prophet asked them to become Muslim they told lie claiming that they are already Muslim and insisted on their false claim . This time Mobaheleh verse was descended as follows :
Oh prophet of God , upon reception of our inspiration say whoever dispute with you : Let's summon our children and your children , our wives and your wives , our life and your life then pray God to damn one who tell lie and is not right .
Then prophet took Ali's hand , while his daughter and two grandsons followed him . When great Christian men of Najran saw prophet's confidence they feared confessing that prophet is right and asked him to give up and forgive them . According to Siyoti who narrates from Jabber and Abu Naiim , here our life refers to Ali , our sons refer to Hassan and Hossein , and our wives refer to Fatima . This Quranic story again indicates how much prophet )pbuh( believed his pure his pure Ahlolbeyt and resorted to them .
]Ahlozekr verse[:
This verse was descended in relation to religious principles of Islam and again indicates how great is the rank and position of Ahlolbeyt .
Once infidels asked prophet )pbuh( why God didn't send an angle prophet , it was inspired to him to reply that : Before Mohammad )pbuh( we likewise sent human prophets . Then this verse was descended to prophet :
فاسئلو اهل الذكر ان كنتم لاتعلمون
Which means : Ask Ahlolzekr whatever you don't know . Ahlolzekr means those who have great knowledge . When asked who Ahlozekr are , prophet )pbuh( said : surely I am Zekr and Ahlozekr are Imams of Ahlolbeyt who are gates to knowledge . According to Imam Sadeq )ع( Zekr efers to Quran and the prophet and Ahlozekr refers to prophet's generation . This verse again testifies the truth and knowledge of Ahlolbeyt )ع(
as prophet says : I am city of knowledge and Ali is its gate .
]Anzar and Hedayat verse[:
Clearly , one of the prophet's tasks is to show people celestial miracles as a document to his prophecy and his true connection to Allah ; nevertheless the infidels and opponents of prophet were mostly obstinate . In fact they asked miracles in order to insist against prophet and they asked him strange miracles . This way Anzar verse was descended by Allah saying to prophet )pbuh( : داه م وق ل كل و رذنم ت نا امنا
Which means : Oh prophet ! You are to remind people and for every tribe or nation there is a leader who conducts them .
Quran indeed says that these infidels have forgotten the basic duty of prophets are warning and conducting people , not performing miracles for them . Anzar means to remind people to move in truth path and Hedayat means to conduct them . It has also been narrated by many Shiite and and you are the one who conduct them . As you see , here prophet )pbuh( underlines the Imamate of Ali )ع( after himself .
Question 7.What are the main reasons that Imams are twelve according to Sunnite Sahah and what are the narrations about the twelve caliphs
There are numerous documents and narrations left from prophet about Imamate and leadership of Ahlolbeyt . Most notable is Saqalein . Here I review some narrations that Sunnite scholars have brought . Saqalein is narrated by Termazy , by Sahih of Moslem , Masnad of Ahmad , Sonan of in Arafeh and in Gadir Khom .
As about the number of Imams , Masnad and Sahah of Sunnite have the following narrations :
Mslem narrates from Jabber who heard from prophet )pbuh( : Religion of Allah will always remain until the resurrection day or when twelve Imams come , who all are Qureishian . Imam Ali )ع( says they are Qureishiam and from Bani Hashim generation .
In sonan Abi Davood so narrates : Until twelve caliphs come and Bokhari says twelve Amirs will come . Ahmad and Hakkem narrate the same words from masrouq .
Now that Sunnite scholars unaimously approve Saqalein , they are all confused in the interpretation of this narration and have different views about twelve Imams .
Some begin with Aboubakr , Umar , Usman , Ali , Hassan and end up in Bani Omaya or even Abbasi caliphs and as the number of caliphs increase they make different interpretations . On the other hand prophet )pbuh( said the word end up with the twelve the Imams and this is not possible except in the case of prophet's pure generation that eleven Imams came and the last one who is Mahdi )ع( has a long life and will appear when Allah permits him to .
Question 8.Please address some part of oppression and tryanny exerted on Ahlolbeyt with accepted historical document.
In a sermon after martyrdom of Ali )ع( Imam Hassan )ع( said : prophet )pbuh( said to me : The twelve Imams from my Ahlolbeyt who will come after me will either be murdered or poisoned to death .
The first tyranny to prophet )pbuh( and his Ahlolbeyt )ع( occurred right in the last hours of prophet's life when he asked those around to bring paper and pen in order to write his will for them but they took prophets words as hallucination and nonsense , then no soon after his death they forgot what prophet said about Ali )ع( as his successor after him and instead of attending prophets funeral , elsewhere they set forth Saqiffeh event and allied with Aboubakr , declaring him as Muslim caliph after prophet . According to what tabbary and Ya'goobi in their history and Ibn Abi Habib and Joharri in their Saqiffeh narrate , Umar took Aboubakr's hand and declared his caliphate asking people to ally and keep loyalty with Aboubakr and do Bey'at with him .
According to what is mentioned in Sahah and Masnad books , when Ali )ع( and his ardent followers avoided to ally with Aboubakr and came together in Fatima's house , Umar with a company of fellows were ordered to get Bey'at or alliance from Ali )ع( by force and with the harshest possible manner . Although these books hide how viciously they behaved to Fatima , other sources have brought that they invaded into Fatima's house , burned it and injured the daughter of prophet so that she )pbu her( aborted her fetus and got deeply wounded . Then they brought Ali )ع( while pulling him and tying him with rope . They forgot how much prophet recommended about Ali .
As narrated in Sahih of Muslim , Masnad of Ahmad and Fotuhol Boldan and many other books , Aboubakr took hold of Fadak gardens from Fatima which prophet left it for her and never returned it . Yet this is not the end to tyranny against prophet's Ahlolbeyt . The most vicious tyranny occurred in Bani Omaya and Bani Abbas times .
Chapter 5 : Esmat ت مصع
Question 1. Why does Shiie believe that prophet , and his Imams are virtuous
As stated before , even Sunnite scholars and narrators accept that Saqalein Hadith and Tathir verse are said by prophet and descended by Allah just for the sake of prophet and his pure Ahlolbeyt )pbu them( . It is not a matter that Shiie claim , this is what God says . When such word are descended by Allah , brought by his angle and received by his prophet and all of them are absolutely virtuous and far away from fault and sin , can you dare to take them untrue . Truly if it is said by Allah we must accept and those who do not accept indeed disobey Allah .
On the other hand , in Saqalein Hadith prophet )pbuh( introduces Ahlolbeyt as peer and intimate to Quran and we know that Quran is pure truth . If Ahlolbeyt were not virtuous they could not be called as peer to Quran because what is untruth can't be peer to Quran . So , Shiie introduces Ahlolbeyt like what God and his Messenger introduce them .
Question 2. What does Esmat or Virtue of Imam means in Shiite's view point
Many narrations have testified during the history that Imams and Ahlolbeyt of the prophet were the sample of admirable and exclusively God-given qualities which can not be found in ordinary people . For instance, they were submissive to what Allah and his prophet commanded them and tolerated all difficulties and disasters imposed to them . While others acted according to their own will and left the prophet alone in war and crucial times .
As Quran says اريهطت م كرهطي و , they move just towards purity and keep themselves away from sin as they have no appetite to sin nor they tell lie or claim false . They never feel doubt as they have reached certainty . that is why Allah specified them as His successor on the earth . Contrary to what Umar attributed to prophet upon his death , they never talk nonsense even in death time , because God stayed them away from sin and fault in every moment of their life and as interpreted from Tathir verse they do not follow the evil self . These are the Qualities and requirements that Allah specified in Ahlolbeyt in their creation in order to select them for leadership of the Islamic nation .
Question 3. Please state the most important rational proofs to the virtue and Esmat of Imams .
The clearest rational to the virtue and Esmat of imams are indeed this sentence from prophet : ض وحلا ى لع ادري ى تح اقرتفي ن ل which means : these two are inseparable in leadership and guidance of nation until they arrive to me beside the Kossar pool . If imams were not protected from fault and if they fell into sin occasionally , they would surely get separated from Quran because sin or faults have no place in Quran and as prophet atrictly rejects separation of these two , and as this is said by a Ma'soom and as Ma'soom never say wrong , so , virtue and purity of them is proved .
The next logical proof behind virtue and Esmat of Imams relates to the Kassa day , when prophet called his Ahlolbeyt together and prayed Allah to purify them and stay away from sin and fault . This time Tathir verse was descended . If Allah had not accepted prophet's pray , He would have never descended Tathir verse for them . In Tathir verse Allah testifies that Ahlolbeyt have been purified and kept away from sin .
Question 4.From Tathir verse , Saqalein narration and the verse ى دهع ل انيلا ن يملاظلا how do you infer the virtue and Esmat of Imams
Shiie and followers of Ahlolbeyt believe that Imam and successor of prophet must be sinless , selected by Allah and by his prophet and these two terms are essential because Allah says in Quran :
انى جاعلك للناس اماما قال و من ذريتى قال لاينال عهدى الظالمين
Which means : Iselected you as Imam and leader , once asked how about my generation , He said my ordinance and promise will not be delivered to sinners .
So , Imamate is an ordinance from God which is announced to prophet and sinless Imams ,and any one who do not tyrannize over others or himself , he is in fact sinless . as was interprected from Saqalein narration that prophet specified his Ahlolbeyt and reminded people to follow them , and Tathir verse which thereby God emphasized the two terms mentioned above and the quality of descending Tathir verse testifies it :
When prophet noticed that god's blessing is going to come , he asked his wife to call Ali , Fatima , Hassan and Hussein to come to prophet . When they came he threw his covering over them and said : Oh God ! They are my Ahlolbeyt , and then Tathir verse came to prophet .
انما يريد اللَّه ليذهب عنكم الرجس اهل البيت و يطهركم تطهيراً
This verse and what prophet said in this regard is sufficient to prove purity of Ahlolbeyt , and there has never been mentioned any where in the history that they ever do wrong or sin .
Instead of answering to question 5, Idecided to select another
question from chapter 9 which relates to the controversial
Feqhi issues and thereby answer question 1 from this chapter.
Answering to Question one from chapter 9:
* Why does Shiie testifies in Adhan the the Velayat and
guardianship of Ali )ع(
Before answering to this question let's know that all Siite jurists and Faqihs emphasize that testifying Velayat of Ali is not as the basic parts of Adhan . But as prophet )pbhu( states : ت اينلاب ل امعلاا امنا people's actions are scaled according to their real intention . If this is mentioned in Adhan not with the intention of taking it as the basic part of Adhan , not only it will not be wrong but aslso it will be valuable to testify what Quran testifies about Ali )ع( in this verse :
انما وليكم اللَّه رسوله والذين آمنوا الذين يقيمون الصلوه و يؤتون الزكوه و هم راكعون
Which means : the only guardianship for you are Allah , prophet and those who have faith in Allah , say prayer and give their Zakat and alms while they are bending knees in prayer .
Even Sahah and Masnad of Sunnite emphasize that this verse is descended for the sake of Ali )ع( . So , Shiie is pround to testify in Adhan what is interpreted from Quran about Ali )ع( .
Answering to political question : ى سايس ت لااوس
Qeustion 1:What are the influences of Islamic revolution of Iran on world "Islamic Awareness"
Islamic revolution of Iran led by great leader Imam Khomeini was founded on pure Islam and Ahlolbeyt school of thought ; The pure Islam that rooted in the heart of every free Iranian individual , not the American Islam which is to obtain the evil intentions of world arrogance . Imam introduced Islam as the basic of government structure and the only way to human's prosperity . He changed the identity of Islam which once demolished and humiliated in Arab war against Israel .
The victory and success in the Islamic revolution of Iran was not a mere internal or domestie victory ; the impression was more extensive . Based on Islamic awareness , Imam showed that the oppressed Muslims of the world could defeat those superpowers that impose their will on them . Islamic awareness was what United States was afraid of indeed .
No soon after revolution in Iran , Islam which was simply a belief other retarded relgious views , gained a new identity and became "dynamic" . Muslims began to kook to Islame as it really is not as what dictated to them and asked more Islamic freedom . They could no more toleratethe views that introduced Islam as a bunch of strict rules or as separate from their social and political life , nor as a personal matter . They now wanted to carry out the real Islamic rules in all political , social and economic dimensions of their life .
This is the dynamic Islam that Imam formed . Islamic awareness also could bring about greatupheavals in the Islamic countries especially in Palestinian Intifada , in Lebanese resistance against Israel which led to their victory , in Turkey which led to formation of Islamic factions and also in the trend of normalization of Arab states' relation with Israel . Islamic awareness also caused more people in the world adhere and join Islam .
Question 2:What are the domestic outcomes of Islamic revolution in Iran
Islamic revolution of Iran which was named as the greatest democratic upheavals of the twentieth century has the following internal outcomes :
1. It was an end to 0052 years of dictatorship and imperial government .
2. a republic and democratic government was founded .
3. Islam was specified as basis of government structure and the only way to human prosperity . Therefore , all manifestations of economic , political and sexual corruption were banned , removed and cleared away and people became free to act and live according to Islamic principles .
4. An imperial puppet country changed to an influential Islamic and ideological country .
5. religious and Islamic centers which were banned before , increased in number and became more active . Islamic teachings became easier and more widespread .
6. People for the first time took the opportunity to vote and choose their own fate in elections and thereby attained to independence . Now , Iranian nation are known as pioneer of freedom in the world .
7. People of Iran would no more be disrespected by foreign countries especially in the rules that did not let foreign criminals to be tried and judged in Iranian legislation .
8. People of Iran took sovereignty over oil and other energy sources , also got self-sufficient in oil exploration , extraction , and production .
9. After revolution and collapse of Shah who was allied with United States and Israel , Iran was no more subservient to these countries .
Question 3:What is the Imam Khomeini's opinion about "Islamic government"
Imam Khomeini believed that Islamic government is a divine phenomenon that when established in a nation , can provide the prosperity of people's world life and afterlife . Imam Khomeini founded Islamic goverment of Iran according to the view of "Velayat Faqih" . Velayat means governing and managing the country according to holy religious rules of Islam and Faqih means the one who is just and fully aware of religious rules .
Therefore in the absence of Imam Zaman the great duty of Velayat is undertaken by a Faqih leader who possesses the required terms . Faqih leader although in rank is much lower than prophet and virtuous Imams , has the same governmental authority that they had . So , he is to exert the same religious principles that they did . Imam Khomeini believed Faqih leader should have supervision over all social , individual , moral , cultural , political , economic , and defense affairs of community . Imam also emphasized that in Islamic government , not only religion is not separate from politics but also interferes in all social and individual dimensions of human life .
Imam believed that by means of establishing an Islamic government we can eradicate and clear away the hegemony of satanic superpowers from the country . Imam frequently said that leadership and management in Islamic government is in fact a means of doing service to people and establishing a fair government order .
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